The South African athlete Caster Semenya's case against the world athletics governing organization was upheld by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR).

The judge ruled that the requirement that she artificially lower her naturally high testosterone levels in order to participate in women's races constituted discrimination.

Semenya is a two-time Olympian in the 800-meter race, but she has been prohibited from participating at this distance since 2019 because she refused to get her hormone levels reduced.

She had stated that despite being legally recognized as female at birth and always identifying as female, the limits imposed by World Athletics violated her freedom to freely compete in women's sports.